language

Bhojpuri

Bhojpuri is a member of the Indo-Aryan language family, specifically placed within the Eastern Zone (Bihari) subgroup.

Speakers

According to the official 2011 Census of India, there are approximately 50.6 million speakers of Bhojpuri in India.

Distribution in India

Bhojpuri is primarily spoken in the contiguous Purvanchal region of India, which encompasses western Bihar, eastern Uttar Pradesh, and northwestern Jharkhand.

Major grammatical features

  • Phonology: Bhojpuri retains a standard Indo-Aryan stop inventory featuring a four-way contrast (voiced/voiceless, aspirated/unaspirated) and retroflex consonants. Unlike Hindi, it is characterized by less systematic schwa-deletion in final syllables and distinctive vowel-shortening processes.
  • Morphology: Bhojpuri verb morphology is highly inflected. Unlike neighboring Hindi, Bhojpuri does not assign grammatical gender to inanimate nouns. It employs a sophisticated three-tiered system of honorificity (non-honorific, informal honorific, and formal honorific) marked on pronouns and verbal endings.
  • Syntax: The language follows a default Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order and relies on postpositions to mark grammatical relations and case.

Further reading

Family
Indo-Aryan
Iso6393
bho
Glottocode
bhoj1244
Regions
IN, NP

Direct relationships

Is part of 1

Project BoLIproject

Is documented by 2

BoLI Bhojpuri Translation 1datasetBoLI Bhojpuri Translation 2dataset

Has record 47

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RecordI have seen these boys. · मैंने इन लड़कों को देखा है।Related through A20240814193612382523_281474976776093.wavPersonSpeaker SPK-68D7A980Related through A20240814193612382523_281474976776093.wavRecordɦəm iː ləikən keː d̪eːkʰəleː bɑːniːRelated through A20240814193612382523_281474976776093.wavRecordThe boy [who was mentioned before] said that he met a girl [only you know her] · लड़के [जिस लड़के की पहले बात की गयी है] ने कहा कि वह एक लड़की से मिला है [केवल आप उसे जानते हैं]Related through Transcription of A20240814193608382048_281474976776083.wavPersonContributor RA-F45B9FE3Related through Transcription of A20240814193608382048_281474976776083.wavPersonContributor RA-0967483ERelated through Transcription of A20240814193608382048_281474976776083.wavRecordləikɑː kəɦələs ki uː eːgoː ləikiː seː miləl rəɦeːRelated through Transcription of A20240814193608382048_281474976776083.wavRecordYou can give those women some money. · तुम उन महिलाओं को कुछ पैसे दे सकते हो।Related through Transcription of A20240814193621211410_281474976776116.wav